Naval History Archive
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History of Aviation · 1919 – 1938

The Golden Age

Barnstormers, record-breakers and ocean-spanning pioneers — the years between the wars when flight matured into a true industry.

The Story of Flight

44 milestones, in order

1919 – 1938
1920s
1921
Aircraft Sinks US Battleship

Aircraft Sinks US Battleship

The U.S.

1921
Bessie Coleman Goes to France to Learn to Fly

Bessie Coleman Goes to France to Learn to Fly

In the early 1920s Bessie Coleman, an African American woman determined to become a pilot, found every door in the United States closed

1922
Doolittle Goes Coast to Coast in a Day

Doolittle Goes Coast to Coast in a Day

Jimmy Doolittle achieved a remarkable feat of aviation by completing a coast-to-coast flight across the United States in under one day,

1922
First US Aircraft Carrier Launched

First US Aircraft Carrier Launched

On March 20, 1922, at Norfolk, Virginia, the USS Langley (CV-1) was commissioned as the United States Navy’s first aircraft carrier.

1923
U.S. Crossed Non-Stop

U.S. Crossed Non-Stop

On May 2-3, 1923, U.S.

1923
USS Shenandoah Launched

USS Shenandoah Launched

On September 4, 1923, the USS Shenandoah, designated ZR-1, made its first flight, becoming the first rigid airship built in the United

1924
Around the War Flight

Around the War Flight

On September 28, 1924, two American aircraft, The Chicago and The New Orleans , returned to the United States after completing the firs

1924
First Around-the-World Flight

First Around-the-World Flight

On September 28, 1924, two American aircraft, The Chicago and The New Orleans, returned to the United States after completing the first

1925
Air Mail Contracts

Air Mail Contracts

Following the passage of the Air Mail Act, a significant shift in the United States’ approach to airmail transportation occurred.

1925
Air Mail Service Introduced

Air Mail Service Introduced

Following the passage of the Air Mail Act, a significant shift in the United States’ approach to airmail transportation occurred.

1925
Doolittle Wins the Schneider

Doolittle Wins the Schneider

Army Lieutenant Jimmy Doolittle made history on October 26, 1925, by winning the prestigious Schneider Trophy race, an international co

1925
Pratt & Whitney Introduces the Wasp Engine

Pratt & Whitney Introduces the Wasp Engine

In 1925-1927 Pratt & Whitney introduced the Wasp, a powerful air-cooled radial engine that quickly became one of the most influential a

1926
Ford Trimotor Introduced

Ford Trimotor Introduced

The Ford Trimotor and the Birth of Commercial Aviation in America When Henry Ford unveiled the Ford Trimotor in 1926, the world of avia

1927
French Cross the South Atlantic

French Cross the South Atlantic

On October 15, 1927, Captain Dieudonné Costes and his navigator, Lieutenant Commander Joseph Le Brix, carried out one of the most impor

1927
Lindbergh Flies Across the Atlantic

Lindbergh Flies Across the Atlantic

On the rainy morning of May 20, 1927, twenty-five-year-old Charles Augustus Lindbergh — a lanky, little-known U.S.

1928
Earhart — First Woman Across the Atlantic

Earhart — First Woman Across the Atlantic

On June 18, 1928, Amelia Earhart entered aviation history when she became the first woman to cross the Atlantic by air.

1928
From San Francisco to Australia

From San Francisco to Australia

At 8:48 a.m.

1930s
1931
Wiley Post Sets New Round-the-World Record

Wiley Post Sets New Round-the-World Record

In the summer of 1931 the American aviator Wiley Post, flying with his navigator Harold Gatty, set a new record for circling the globe.

1932
Amelia Earhart's Solo Transatlantic Flight

Amelia Earhart's Solo Transatlantic Flight

On May 20-21, 1932, Amelia Earhart became the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean.

1932
Doolittle Seizes the Speed Record

Doolittle Seizes the Speed Record

On September 3, 1932, at the Cleveland National Air Races — the most spectacular aviation event in Depression-era America — Major James

1933
TWA Takes Delivery of the DC-1

TWA Takes Delivery of the DC-1

On September 15, 1933, TWA took delivery of the Douglas DC-1 at a time when airlines were racing to modernize and gain an advantage ove

1933
United Begins Flying the 247

United Begins Flying the 247

On March 20, 1933, United Airlines began flying the new Boeing 247, a major step forward in commercial aviation.

1934
Air Mail Contracts Suspended

Air Mail Contracts Suspended

By the early 1930s the American airline industry was expanding rapidly, propelled in large part by lucrative government air mail contra

1934
Air Mail Contracts and the Breakup of United Aircraft

Air Mail Contracts and the Breakup of United Aircraft

The Air Mail scandal of 1934 reshaped American commercial aviation.

1934
DC-2 Introduced

DC-2 Introduced

On May 11, 1934, TWA placed the Douglas DC-2 into service, giving the airline a more capable aircraft for its growing transcontinental

1935
DC-3 Introduced

DC-3 Introduced

On December 17, 1935 — the thirty-second anniversary of the Wright Brothers' first flight at Kitty Hawk — a new aircraft rolled down th

1935
DC-4 Flown for the First Time

DC-4 Flown for the First Time

In 1935 while the DC-3 was still in the design phase, airlines asked for a larger plane to be designed by Douglas.

1935
Earhart — First Woman to Cross the Pacific

Earhart — First Woman to Cross the Pacific

On January 11, 1935, at 4:44 p.m.

1935
Howard Hughes Slashes the Speed Record

Howard Hughes Slashes the Speed Record

On September 13, 1935, twenty-nine-year-old millionaire Howard Hughes climbed into the cockpit of a machine he had spent eighteen month

1935
Italian Air Power Used Against Ethiopia

Italian Air Power Used Against Ethiopia

In 1935 Fascist Italy under Benito Mussolini invaded Ethiopia, then often called Abyssinia, in a war that became a grim demonstration o

1935
Pan Am Begins Service to Manila

Pan Am Begins Service to Manila

On the afternoon of November 22, 1935, with a great ceremony broadcast nationally over the radio, Pan American Airways' China Clipper —

1935
USS Macon Crash

USS Macon Crash

The USS Macon was one of the United States Navy's two giant rigid airships, a flying aircraft carrier designed to scout for the fleet a

1936
Air Tactics Tested in the Spanish Civil War

Air Tactics Tested in the Spanish Civil War

The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) became an unintended proving ground for the air-warfare theories that had been debated since the Firs

1937
Amelia Earhart Lost

Amelia Earhart Lost

On July 2, 1937, Amelia Earhart vanished over the central Pacific Ocean while attempting to become the first aviator to circumnavigate

1937
Hindenburg Blows Up

Hindenburg Blows Up

On the evening of May 6, 1937, the German dirigible Hindenburg approached its mooring mast at Naval Air Station Lakehurst in New Jersey

1937
Howard Hughes Crosses the U.S. in Under Ten Hours

Howard Hughes Crosses the U.S. in Under Ten Hours

On January 19, 1937, the millionaire aviator and aircraft designer Howard Hughes flew across the United States in record time, completi

1937
U.S. Army Receives B-17 Bombers

U.S. Army Receives B-17 Bombers

On March 1, 1937, the United States Army Air Corps took delivery of the first aircraft from its initial order of 13 Boeing B-17 bombers

1938
Boeing Unveils Its Stratoliner

Boeing Unveils Its Stratoliner

On December 31, 1938, Boeing Aircraft took its newest and most technologically advanced passenger aircraft aloft for the first time, ma

1938
Hughes Sets a New Record

Hughes Sets a New Record

On July 10, 1938, aviator and industrialist Howard Hughes lifted off from Floyd Bennett Field in New York aboard a specially modified L

1939
Germans Test a New Airplane

Germans Test a New Airplane

On August 27, 1939, just five days before Germany invaded Poland and plunged the world into the Second World War, a quieter revolution

1939
Igor Sikorsky Flies a Helicopter

Igor Sikorsky Flies a Helicopter

On September 14, 1939, Russian-born aviation pioneer Igor Sikorsky lifted the VS-300 off the ground at the Vought-Sikorsky aircraft pla

1939
P-38 Crosses the U.S. in 7 Hours 2 Minutes

P-38 Crosses the U.S. in 7 Hours 2 Minutes

On February 11, 1939, a prototype of the Lockheed P-38 Lightning set a new transcontinental speed record, flying across the United Stat

1939
Passenger Service Across the Atlantic

Passenger Service Across the Atlantic

On May 20, 1939, Pan American World Airways inaugurated the first regularly scheduled commercial air service across the Atlantic Ocean,

·
Navy Buys the Consolidated PBY

Navy Buys the Consolidated PBY

In the mid-1930s the United States Navy adopted the Consolidated PBY as its new long-range patrol flying boat, acquiring the aircraft t

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