Naval History Archive
HistoryCentral Est. 1996
History of Aviation · 1939 – 1945

World War II

Air power comes of age over Europe and the Pacific — the bombers, fighters and carrier strikes that decided the war in the air.

The Story of Flight

20 milestones, in order

1939 – 1945
1930s
1930
The Army Air Forces Air Transport Command

The Army Air Forces Air Transport Command

Over the course of World War II the United States Army Air Forces built up what amounted to the largest airline in the world.

1939

Germany Attacks Poland: Blitzkrieg

On September 1, 1939, Germany invaded Poland, an act that began World War II in Europe.

1940s
1940
Blitzkrieg in the German Attack on the West

Blitzkrieg in the German Attack on the West

In May 1940 Germany unleashed its attack on the West, employing the fast-moving combined-arms tactics that became known as Blitzkrieg.

1940

The Battle of Britain

After the fall of France, the Luftwaffe quickly assembled a large force to attack Great Britain.

1941

Japanese Air Attack on Pearl Harbor

On the morning of December 7, 1941, Japanese carrier aircraft struck the United States Pacific Fleet anchored at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

1942
Bell XP-59A Airacomet: First American Jet

Bell XP-59A Airacomet: First American Jet

On October 1, 1942, the Bell XP-59A Airacomet made its first official flight, becoming the first jet-powered aircraft built in the Unit

1942

RAF Launches the First 1,000-Bomber Raid

On the night of May 30-31, 1942, Britain's Royal Air Force mounted Operation Millennium, the first thousand-bomber raid in history, aga

1942

The Battle of Midway

The Japanese planned to attack the Island of Midway, expanding their hold on the Central Pacific.

1942
The Doolittle Raid on Tokyo

The Doolittle Raid on Tokyo

On April 18, 1942, the United States launched its first air attack on the Japanese home islands, a daring operation led by Lieutenant C

1943
First U.S. Daylight Bombing Raids on Germany

First U.S. Daylight Bombing Raids on Germany

On January 27, 1943, American B-17 Flying Fortress bombers of the Eighth Air Force carried out the first U.S.

1944
Allied Air Power on D-Day

Allied Air Power on D-Day

During the Normandy invasion of June 6, 1944, the Allies committed an enormous aerial armada in support of the landings.

1944

B-29 Raids on Japan

On June 15th, 47 B-29 bombers based in China bombed the Imperial Iron and Stell Works at Yawata, Japan.

1944
Japanese Kamikaze Attacks Begin

Japanese Kamikaze Attacks Begin

By late 1944, with the war turning decisively against them and the United States holding overwhelming air and naval superiority in the

1945

B-29 Drops the Atomic Bomb on Japan

On August 6, 1945, a Boeing B-29 Superfortress named Enola Gay, piloted by Colonel Paul Tibbets, dropped the first atomic bomb used in

1945

The Strategic Bombing Campaign Against Germany

Over the course of the Second World War, the Allied strategic bombing campaign against Germany grew into one of the largest aerial effo

1947

Boeing XC-97 Sets a Speed Record

In 1945 the Boeing XC-97, an experimental military transport derived from the B-29 Superfortress, set a notable transcontinental speed

1947

Boeing XC-97 Sets a Transcontinental Speed Record

In 1945 the Boeing XC-97 prototype set a notable transcontinental speed record, flying from Seattle, Washington, to Washington, D.C.

1947
McDonnell FH-1 Phantom: First Carrier-Based Jet

McDonnell FH-1 Phantom: First Carrier-Based Jet

The McDonnell FH-1 Phantom was the first jet aircraft developed for and operated from a U.S.

1949
First Nonstop Around-the-World Flight

First Nonstop Around-the-World Flight

In 1949 a United States Air Force Boeing B-50 Superfortress named Lucky Lady II completed the first nonstop flight around the world.

·
Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star

Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star

The Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star was the first jet fighter to enter operational service with the United States Army Air Forces.

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