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Population:
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41,087,825 (July 2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 29
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 40.7% (male 8,535,551/female 8,173,616)
15-64 years: 56.8% (male 11,745,683/female 11,603,906)
65 years and over: 2.5% (male 532,968/female 496,101) (2009 est.)
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Median age:
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total: 19.1 years
male: 18.9 years
female: 19.2 years (2009 est.)
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Population growth rate:
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2.143% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 48
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Birth rate:
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33.74 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 42
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Death rate:
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12.94 deaths/1,000 population (July 2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 28
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Net migration rate:
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0.63 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 61
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Urbanization:
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urban population: 43% of total population (2008)
rate of urbanization: 4.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 1.07 male(s)/female
total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2009 est.)
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Infant mortality rate:
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total: 82.43 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 14
male: 82.48 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 82.37 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.)
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 51.42 years
country comparison to the world: 208
male: 50.49 years
female: 52.4 years (2009 est.)
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Total fertility rate:
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4.48 children born/woman (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 38
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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1.4% (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 45
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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320,000 (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 22
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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25,000 (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 19
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Major infectious diseases:
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degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria, dengue fever, African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis
animal contact disease: rabies
note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)
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Nationality:
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noun: Sudanese (singular and plural)
adjective: Sudanese
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Ethnic groups:
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black 52%, Arab 39%, Beja 6%, foreigners 2%, other 1%
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Religions:
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Sunni Muslim 70% (in north), Christian 5% (mostly in south and Khartoum), indigenous beliefs 25%
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Languages:
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Arabic (official), English (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages
note: program of "Arabization" in process
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Literacy:
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definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 61.1%
male: 71.8%
female: 50.5% (2003 est.)
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Education expenditures:
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