Cox-Klemin XA-1

The Cox-Klemin XA-1 was a 1920s American air-ambulance biplane built by the Cox-Klemin Aircraft Corporation for the U.S. Army Air Service. It was designed to replace the modified de Havilland DH.4s the Army had been using to evacuate the sick and injured, and it ranks among the earliest purpose-built ambulance aircraft. The XA-1 was a conventional biplane with fixed landing gear, powered by a 420 hp Liberty 12A engine, and carried a crew of two along with accommodation for two stretcher patients within an enclosed cabin.

Only two prototypes were flown, and no production order followed. The aircraft gained public attention for evacuating injured survivors of the 1927 Rocksprings, Texas tornado, demonstrating the value of dedicated aeromedical transport. The surviving example remained in service until about 1932.